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Paleomagnetically derived folding rates, southern Pyrenees, Spain

¹ Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 18015-3188

Well-dated syntectonic unconformities with the Spanish Pyrenees allow characterization of sedimentation and deformation within an orogenic foreland. The Spanish Pyrenees are composed of a south-vergent thrust belt and foreland basin in which folds developed both parallel and perpendicular to tectonic transport. Unconformity geometries and magnetostratigraphic data from synorogenic strata provide a precise temporal framework for the quantitative analysis of the Mediano anticline, the largest of the transverse folds. Folding began in the early Eocene and ended by 42 Ma at which time an anticline 20 km long and 5 km in wavelength had been produced. Angular and progressive unconformities within syntectonic sedimentary units preserve the history of fold development. Fold growth resulted from west-ward salt movement driven by prograding sediments and was characterized by 2-3 m.y. intervals of slow continuous limb tilting, 2.2°-4.2°/m.y., preserved as progressive unconformities within syntectonic strata. Because the emplacement of the Cotiella-Montsec thrust sheet was episodic, intervals of slow fold growth were punctuated by intervals lasting <1.5 m.y. when fold growth was three to ten times faster, producing angular unconformities.

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