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Geology; May 1994; v. 22; no. 5; p. 419-422; DOI: 10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0419:CISOEC>2.3.CO;2
© 1994 Geological Society of America
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Carbon isotope signature of environmental change found in fossil ratite eggshells from a South Asian Neogene sequence

Libby A. Stern1, Gary D. Johnson1 and C. Page Chamberlain1

1 Department of Earth Sciences, 6105 Sherman Fairchild Science Center, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-3571

A >10-m.y.-long sequence of ratite (e.g., ostrich) eggshells from Siwalik Group sedimentary deposits of northern Pakistan and India shows a dramatic (~8{per thousand}) increase in the {delta}13C in biomineralogic calcite by ~4 Ma. Values of {delta}13C from ratite eggshell carbonate older than 7 Ma are about the same as those from carbonate from contemporaneous fossil mammal tooth enamel and paleosols. However, after 4 Ma, the ratite eggshell carbonate {delta}13C values are ~5{per thousand} less than these coexisting materials. These findings are evidence of the development of a C3-C4 vegetative mosaic probably mirroring the sedimentologic-edaphic mosaic of the aggrading alluvial plain of the Siwalik depositional system.




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