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1 Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, United Kingdom
2 Environmental Science Division, Institute of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
3 Department of Earth Sciences, Cambridge University, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
4 Department of Anthropology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, New York 13617
Alkali carbonatite lavas and ashes that erupted from Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania, in June 1993 provide evidence for coexisting carbonatite and silicate magmas. The lavas and ashes contain immiscible silicate spheroids of ijolitic composition, which themselves contain carbonatite segregations. In contrast to earlier, very mobile flows, the 1993 lava flows were very viscous; the viscosity of one crystal-rich flow is within the range for rhyolites. They are also the largest carbonatite flows yet recorded from the volcano.
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