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Regional dolomitization of the Waulsortian limestone in southeastern Ireland: Evidence of large-scale fluid flow driven by the Hercynian orogeny

¹ Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401-1887
² Allan Geological Analysis, Inc., 1943 Sunny Crest Drive, Suite 184, Fullerton, California 92835
³ Chevron Petroleum Technology Company, La Habra, California 90633-0446

The Lower Carboniferous Waulsortian limestone has been affected by late diagenetic, regional burial dolomitization over an area of 7000 km² extending 170 km northeastward from the Hercynian front. The dolostone is composed of two components: (1) a very fine crystalline replacive component, and (2) a coarse-crystalline, baroque component that fills vuggy porosity developed within the replacive dolostone. Fluid inclusions within the coarse-crystalline component of the regional dolostone indicate that the dolomitizing solutions were warm (100 °C) and moderately saline (10–13 wt% NaCl equivalent). The replacive dolomite displays systematic decreases in crystal size and degree of xenotopic texture northward. Both components of the regional dolostone display a regular northward increase in mean ¹⁸O values; the replacive dolomite has ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values that decrease northward. These laterally variable characteristics suggest that regional dolomitization resulted from large-scale, north-directed fluid flow of heated brines developed in response to topographic uplift associated with collapse of the continental margin south of Ireland during the Hercynian (Variscan) orogeny.

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