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Geology; February 2000; v. 28; no. 2; p. 115-118; DOI: 10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<115:RTPOMB>2.0.CO;2
© 2000 Geological Society of America
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Reconstructing the paleotopography of mountain belts from the isotopic composition of authigenic minerals

C. Page Chamberlain*,1 and M. A. Poage*,1

1 Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA

The paleorelief of mountain belts can be estimated from the {delta}18O value of authigenic minerals. Development of relief during mountain building often creates lee-side rain shadows in which precipitation is depleted in 18O and D. The magnitude of this rain-shadow effect is strongly correlated to relief. A compilation of {delta}18O data from surface waters throughout the globe shows a linear relationship between net elevation change and {Delta}{delta}18O (R2 = 0.79). Through the use of this relationship, we investigated the timing and magnitude of elevation change in the Southern Alps of New Zealand and the Sierra Nevada of California. The {delta}18O values of kaolinites from New Zealand show an ~6{per thousand} decrease in the early Pliocene that corresponds to an ~2 km elevation change in the Southern Alps. The {delta}18O of smectites from the Sierra Nevada show little change since 16 Ma, suggesting that these mountains have been a long-standing topographic feature.

Key Words: topography • climate change • stable isotopes • uplift • mountain belts




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