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Geology; March 2000; v. 28; no. 3; p. 223-226; DOI: 10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<223:VFIMSM>2.0.CO;2
© 2000 Geological Society of America
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Valley formation in Margaritifer Sinus, Mars, by precipitation-recharged ground-water sapping

John A. Grant*,1

1 Department of Earth Sciences, State University of New York, College at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14222, USA

Drainage morphometry and geologic mapping place new constraints on valley origin in Margaritifer Sinus, Mars. Preserved valleys are constant width, typically head near divides, possess fourth-order trunk segments, and were formed from late Noachian into earliest Hesperian time. Relative to terrestrial systems, the Martian valleys have low densities (<0.1 km/km2), relief ratios (0.001–0.13), and ruggedness numbers (0.005–0.086), and the sediment volume in associated sinks exceeds the volume excavated by upstream segments. Valley characteristics are consistent with formation by precipitation-recharged ground-water sapping within a layered, permeable substrate.

Key Words: Mars • valleys • precipitation • ground-water sapping




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