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Deep-freeze petrology of Lena River sand, Siberia

¹ Geociencias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91509-900, RS, Brazil
² Department of Geological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-2150, USA
³ Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02193, USA

Modern sand from the vast (2 430 000 km²), high-latitude Lena River watershed occupies a low-lying, mostly unglaciated craton covered by thick, widespread permafrost— totally different from the watersheds of large temperate and tropical rivers, whose sands have been previously studied to establish modern baselines for the interpretation of ancient sandstones. Fifty-nine Lena sands are rich in rock fragments and feldspar and reflect well the three major tectonic provinces that underlie it—platform, shield, and collisional suture, although the platform and shield sands are still very immature. Long exposure to cool middle Tertiary climates at first, and dry sub-Arctic to Arctic climates later, is the underlying cause of the mineralogically immature river sands of the Lena River.

Key Words: Siberia • river sand • deep freeze • petrology

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G.D. Price and J. Mutterlose Isotopic signals from late Jurassic-early Cretaceous (Volgian-Valanginian) sub-Arctic belemnites, Yatria River, Western Siberia Journal of the Geological Society, December 1, 2004; 161(6): 959 - 968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]