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1 Unité Mixte de Recherche 6538, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, F-29280 Plouzané, France, and Instituto de Geología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
2 Estación Regional del Noreste, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Hermosillo, Mexico
3 Unité Mixte de Recherche 6538, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, F-29280 Plouzané, France
4 Laboratoire de Géodynamique et Tectonique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France
5 Unité Mixte de Recherche 6526, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, F-06235 Villefranche sur Mer, France
A typical slab melt association was emplaced from 11 to 8 Ma in the Santa Clara volcanic field, Vizcaino Peninsula, Baja California Sur. It includes adakitic domes and associated pyroclastic flow deposits, together with lava flows of niobium-enriched basalts. The trace element and isotopic (Sr-Nd-Pb) signatures of adakites are consistent with melting of altered mid-ocean ridge basalts, and the sources of the Nb-enriched basalts contain an enriched mantle wedge component. Such associations commonly form at depths of 70–80 km during low-dip subduction of very young oceanic crust. However, the Santa Clara field is relatively close (100 km) to the paleotrench, which suggests that the genesis of its adakites and Nb- enriched basalts occurred in a very high thermal regime linked to the subduction of the then-active Guadalupe spreading center of the East Pacific Rise. Our data suggest that the asthenospheric window documented below northern Baja California also developed beneath the south of the peninsula during the Neogene. This hypothesis is consistent with the spatial distribution and the ages of adakites and magnesian andesites from this region.
Key Words: Baja California • East Pacific Rise • ridge subduction • asthenospheric window • slab melting • adakites • Nb-enriched basalts
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