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Geology; September 2001; v. 29; no. 9; p. 831-834; DOI: 10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0831:CHROAA>2.0.CO;2
© 2001 Geological Society of America
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Coseismic hydrologic response of an alluvial fan to the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan

Chi-yuen Wang1, Li-Hsin Cheng2, Chi-Van Chin2 and Shui-Beih Yu3

1 Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
2 Water Resources Bureau, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
3 Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China

Widespread coseismic change in pore-water pressure across a large alluvial fan in central Taiwan in the 1999 Chi-Chi (Mw = 7.5) earthquake was captured for the first time by a dense network of hydrologic monitoring wells. The complex, yet systematic, pattern in the water-pressure change appears inconsistent with the existing models; it requires a model that is based on the nonlinear mechanical behavior of sediments under earthquake shaking. This paper presents direct field evidence that earthquake shaking causes rising pore pressure in alluvial fans, which in turn may lead to landslides, even on very gentle slopes.

Key Words: groundwater • earthquakes • coseismic processes • alluvial fans • landslides




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