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Geology; January 2003; v. 31; no. 1; p. 7-10; DOI: 10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031\|[lt ]\|0007:BCOGDS\|[gt ]\|2.0.CO;2
© 2003 Geological Society of America
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Bedload component of glacially discharged sediment: Insights from the Matanuska Glacier, Alaska

Justin T. Pearce*1, Frank J. Pazzaglia*1, Edward B. Evenson*1, Daniel E. Lawson*2, Richard B. Alley*3, Dru Germanoski*4 and Jon D. Denner*5

1 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
2 Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Fort Richardson, Alaska 99505, USA
3 Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
4 Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania 18042, USA
5 U.S. Geological Survey, Montpelier, Vermont 05601, USA

The flux of glacially derived bedload and the proportions of the suspended and bedload components carried by proglacial streams are highly debated. Published data indicate a large range—from <30% to >75%—in the bedload percentage of the total load. Two "vents," where supercooled subglacial meltwater and sediment are discharged, were sampled over the course of an entire melt season in order to quantify the flux of glacially delivered bedload at the Matanuska Glacier, Alaska. The bedload component contributed by these vents, for the one melt season monitored, is negligible. Furthermore, the bedload fluxes appear to be strongly supply limited, as shown by the poorly correlated discharge, bedload-flux magnitude, and grain-size caliber. Thus, in this case, any attempt to employ a predictive quantitative expression for coarse-sediment production based on discharge alone would be inaccurate. A nonglaciated basin proximal to the Matanuska Glacier terminus yielded higher bedload sediment fluxes and larger clast sizes than delivered by the two monitored vents. Such nonglaciated basins should not be overlooked as potentially major sources of coarse bedload that is reworked and incorporated into valley outwash.

Key Words: bedload • sediment yield • sediment transport • glacial erosion • Matanuska Glacier • Alaska




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