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Geology; April 2003; v. 31; no. 4; p. 343-346; DOI: 10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0343:QLASOD>2.0.CO;2
© 2003 Geological Society of America
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Quaternary low-angle slip on detachment faults in Death Valley, California

Nicholas W. Hayman*,1, Jeffrey R. Knott*,2, Darrel S. Cowan*,3, Eliza Nemser3 and Andrei M. Sarna-Wojcicki4

1 Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Box 351310, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
2 Department of Geological Sciences, Box 6850, California State University, Fullerton, California 92834, USA
3 Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Box 351310, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
4 U.S. Geological Survey, Earth Surface Processes Team, Western Region, 345 Middlefield Road, MS 975, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA

Detachment faults on the west flank of the Black Mountains (Nevada and California) dip 29°–36° and cut subhorizontal layers of the 0.77 Ma Bishop ash. Steeply dipping normal faults confined to the hanging walls of the detachments offset layers of the 0.64 Ma Lava Creek B tephra and the base of 0.12–0.18 Ma Lake Manly gravel. These faults sole into and do not cut the low-angle detachments. Therefore the detachments accrued any measurable slip across the kinematically linked hanging-wall faults. An analysis of the orientations of hundreds of the hanging-wall faults shows that extension occurred at modest slip rates (<1 mm/yr) under a steep to vertically oriented maximum principal stress. The Black Mountain detachments are appropriately described as the basal detachments of near-critical Coulomb wedges. We infer that the formation of late Pleistocene and Holocene range-front fault scarps accompanied seismogenic slip on the detachments.

Key Words: detachment • Death Valley • Quaternary • extension • tephrochronology




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