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Geology; June 2003; v. 31; no. 6; p. 493-496; DOI: 10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0493:DOOVZA>2.0.CO;2
© 2003 Geological Society of America
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Demise of one volcanic zone and birth of another—A 12 m.y. marine record of major rhyolitic eruptions from New Zealand

Lionel Carter*,1, Philip Shane*,2, Brent Alloway*,3, Ian R. Hall*,4, Sara E. Harris*,5 and John A. Westgate*,6

1 National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14901, Wellington, New Zeal
2 Geology Department, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
3 Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Private Bag 2000, Taupo, New Zealand
4 Department of Earth Sciences, Cardiff University, P.O. Box 914, Cardiff CF1 3YE, UK
5 Sea Education Association, P.O. Box 6, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
6 Geology Department, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada

Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1123 and 1124 provide an unprecedented 12 m.y. record of major rhyolitic eruptions from the Coromandel and Taupo volcanic zones of New Zealand. Macroscopic tephras (n = 197) were dated using magnetostratigraphy, supplemented by geochemical correlation with subaerial tephra, isothermal plateau fission-track ages, and orbitally tuned stable isotope data. Eruptions began in the Coromandel volcanic zone ca. 12 Ma, ~1.6–1 m.y. earlier than previously known. Thereafter, volcanism was fairly continuous with a tempo and intensity that increased through the late Miocene–Pliocene and into the Quaternary, when the Taupo volcanic zone formed. The transition from the Coromandel to the Taupo zone, previously placed as ca. 4–2 Ma, was seamless, without obvious breaks or changes in ash composition. This well-dated history of long-lived and productive volcanism allows for more confident correlation with other circum-Pacific tephra records, thus helping confirm the occurrence of widespread coeval eruptions throughout the region.

Key Words: tephra • rhyolites • New Zealand • Ocean Drilling Program




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