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Geology; February 2004; v. 32; no. 2; p. 145-148; DOI: 10.1130/G20117.1
© 2004 Geological Society of America
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High-resolution Sr/Ca records in sclerosponges calibrated to temperature in situ

Brad E. Rosenheim1, Peter K. Swart1, Simon R. Thorrold2, Philippe Willenz3, Lorraine Berry3 and Christopher Latkoczy4

1 Division of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, USA
2 Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
3 Department of Invertebrates, Section Malacology, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier, 29, Brussels B-1000, Belgium
4 Department of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 6, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland

Ratios of strontium to calcium have been analyzed by laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in a skeletal section of the sclerosponge Ceratoporella nicholsoni. The growth period, representative of 3 yr, was stained in the skeleton with a fluorochrome (calcein). Temperatures were recorded at 2 h intervals within the shallow, cryptic reef enclosure that the sclerosponge inhabited on the northern coast of Jamaica, allowing the formulation of a direct empirical relationship between Sr/Ca and temperature. To verify this calibration, Sr/Ca ratios of two sclerosponges of the same species from depths of 67 m and 136 m in Exuma Sound, Bahamas, were analyzed by LA-ICP-MS and compared to the temperatures from these depths over a decade prior to collection. The result is an independently verified, high-resolution empirical calibration for the temperature sensitivity of Sr/Ca ratios in the aragonite skeletons of sclerosponges from Jamaica and the Bahamas. The calibration is a first for C. nicholsoni and indicates that sclerosponges are more sensitive temperature recorders than zooxanthellate corals. It represents an important step in establishing skeletal geochemistry of sclerosponges as a proxy of temperature in the upper 250 m of the ocean.

Key Words: paleoceanography • sclerosponge • Ceratoporella nicholsoni • Sr/Ca ratios • ocean temperature • calibration




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