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1 U.S. Geological Survey, MS 956 National Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, Virginia 20192, USA
2 Department of Geological Sciences and Environmental Studies, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902-6000, USA
3 Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS 6110, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, USA
Major ion compositions of primary fluid inclusions from terminal Proterozoic (ca. 544 Ma) and Early Cambrian (ca. 515 Ma) marine halites indicate that seawater Ca2+ concentrations increased approximately threefold during the Early Cambrian. The timing of this shift in seawater chemistry broadly coincides with the "Cambrian explosion," a brief drop in marine 87Sr/86Sr values, and an increase in tectonic activity, suggesting a link between the advent of biocalcification, hydrothermal mid-ocean-ridge brine production, and the composition of seawater. The Early Cambrian surge in oceanic [Ca2+] was likely the first such increase following the rise of metazoans and may have spurred evolutionary changes in marine biota.
Key Words: seawater • evaporites • fluid inclusions • biomineralization • Cambrian explosion
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