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Enhanced marine productivity off western North America during warm climate intervals of the past 52 k.y.

¹ Department of Geology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
² Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA
³ U.S. Geological Survey, Earth Surface Processes, Box 25046, MS 980, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, USA
⁴ Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Apartado Postal 453, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
⁵ Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
⁶ School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367, USA
⁷ Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, USA

Studies of the Santa Barbara Basin off the coast of California have linked changes in its bottom-water oxygen content to millennial-scale climate changes as recorded by the oxygen isotope composition of Greenland ice. Through the use of detailed records from a sediment core collected off the Magdalena Margin of Baja California, Mexico, we demonstrate that this teleconnection predominantly arose from changes in marine productivity, rather than changes in ventilation of the North Pacific, as was originally proposed. One possible interpretation is that the modern balance of El Niño–La Niña conditions that favors a shallow nutricline and high productivity today and during warm climate intervals of the past 52 k.y. was altered toward more frequent, deep nutricline, low productivity, El Niño–like conditions during cool climate intervals.

Key Words: millennial-scale climate • abrupt climate change • foraminifera • marine productivity • paleo-ENSO variability

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