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1 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Exploration and Mining, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia
2 Geological Survey of New South Wales, Broken Hill, NSW 2880, Australia
3 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Exploration and Mining, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia
4 Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
Pb isotope analyses, combined with sensitive high-resolution ion-microprobe U-Pb zircon dating, suggest that the giant Broken Hill orebody formed over an 
6 m.y. period, coincident with a number of small Broken Hill–type deposits lower in the stratigraphic sequence. The formation of the smaller, but significant, Pinnacles deposit was also episodic over 7 m.y. and up to 10 m.y. prior to the formation of Broken Hill. Using relative ages and stratigraphic position, together with lithologic and isotopic variation, a subsea floor origin for the deposits, including the Broken Hill Pb-Zn-Ag orebody, is proposed. Mn-P–rich banded iron formation stratigraphically above the orebody may have been derived from spent ore-forming fluids exhaled onto the seafloor. Extensive magnetite disseminations in metasedimentary rocks at the same level as the banded iron formation probably represent distal signatures of the same hot springs.
Key Words: Pb-Pb • U-Pb • geochronology • base metals • Broken Hill • Paleoproterozoic • banded iron formations
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