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1 State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, Chinese Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China, and State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, IEE, CAS, Xi'an, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, Chinese Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China, and Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA
3 State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, Chinese Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China
4 Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
5 Department of Geological Sciences, and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
6 Institute of Seismology, Chinese Earthquake Administration, Wuhan 430071, China
7 National Earthquake Infrastructure Service, Chinese Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China
Global positioning system velocities from 553 control points within the Tibetan Plateau and on its margins show that the present-day tectonics in the plateau is best described as deformation of a continuous medium, at least when averaged over distances of >
100 km. Deformation occurs throughout the plateau interior by ESE-WNW extension and slightly slower NNE-SSW shortening. Relative to Eurasia, material within the plateau interior moves roughly eastward with speeds that increase toward the east, and then flows southward around the eastern end of the Himalaya. Crustal thickening on the northeastern and eastern margins of the plateau occurs over a zone 400 km wide and cannot be the result of elastic strain on a single major thrust fault. Shortening there accommodates much of India's penetration into Eurasia. A description in terms of movements of rigid blocks with elastic strain associated with slip on faults between them cannot match the velocity field.
Key Words: continuous deformation • Tibetan Plateau • flow of crustal material • rigid block • velocity field
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