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Geology; January 2005; v. 33; no. 1; p. 69-72; DOI: 10.1130/G20592.1
© 2005 Geological Society of America
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Evolution of fluid compartmentalization in a detachment fold complex

Liliana Lefticariu*,1, Eugene C. Perry*,1, Mark P. Fischer*,1 and Jay L. Banner*,2

1 Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
2 Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA

Oxygen, carbon, and strontium isotope variations in vein-filling calcite and quartz cements and their host rocks are used to elucidate the origin, spatial and temporal evolution, and migration pathways of fluids in the detachment Nuncios fold complex, northeastern Mexico. The folded Mesozoic sedimentary sequence contains two regional paleohydrostratigraphic units separated by a unit of low permeability. Two main generations of cements are present in both paleohydrostratigraphic units. Distinct differences exist between {delta}18O, {delta}13C, 87Sr/86Sr, and fluid-inclusion temperatures of early vein-filling cements in the lower and the upper units. These differences, together with a strong correspondence between early cement and host-rock {delta}18O and {delta}13C values, suggest that early diagenetic fluids were compartmentalized between the two units. Late vein-filling cements have isotopic compositions and fluid-inclusion temperatures that converge to similar values, indicating a change to open fluid flow between the lower and upper units. We hypothesize that the fluid history of the Nuncios fold complex evolved in two main stages: (1) burial diagenesis and early folding, during which fluids were confined within individual units, and (2) late-stage folding, during which increased deformation associated with fold tightening caused the expulsion of fluid from the lower unit into the upper unit.

Key Words: fluid migration • evaporite • isotopes • detachment fold • Sierra Madre Oriental






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