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Evidence for solar forcing of sea-surface temperature on the North Icelandic Shelf during the late Holocene

¹ Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, East China Normal University, 200062 Shanghai, People's Republic of China, and Department of Earth Sciences, University of Aarhus, C.F. Møllers Allé 120, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark
² Earth Science Institute, University of Iceland, Askja, IS-101-Reykjavík, Iceland
³ Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Strasse, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
⁴ Department of Earth Sciences, University of Aarhus, C.F. Møllers Allé 120, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark

Diatom proxies from the modern position of the oceanographic Polar Front north of Iceland record variability in sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) during the past 2 k.y. The sedimentary record is dated with tephrochronology, alleviating marine ¹⁴C reservoir age uncertainties. Comparison of changes in SSTs on the North Icelandic Shelf with variations in the atmospheric circulation above Greenland, North American Atlantic coastal SSTs, and mean temperature anomalies for the Northern Hemisphere suggests synchronous North Atlantic–wide fluctuations, which would seem to imply a common forcing factor. A positive and significant correlation between our SST record from the North Icelandic Shelf and reconstructed solar irradiance, together with modeling results, supports the hypothesis that solar forcing is an important constituent of natural climate variability in the northern North Atlantic region.

Key Words: sea-surface temperature • solar forcing • diatoms • North Icelandic Shelf • Little Ice Age

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