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Whole flow field dynamics and velocity pulsing within natural sediment-laden underflows

¹ Earth and Biosphere Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
² Department of Geography, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
³ Earth and Biosphere Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
⁴ Geomorphic Solutions, The Sernas Group Inc., Mississauga, Ontario L4Z 1X3, Canada
⁵ Earth and Biosphere Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK

Sediment-laden density underflows are important agents of erosion and deposition and are especially significant in the management of human-made reservoirs, pollutant dispersal, and sediment deposition in the world's oceans. Quantification of continuous, sediment-laden underflows in Lillooet Lake, British Columbia, shows that the underflows descend along a distinct plunge line but, although the input from the source is constant, adopt a distinct pulsing in their velocity structure. Such velocity pulsing will produce temporally and spatially varying bed shear stresses, sediment erosion and/or deposition, and fluid mixing, and represents a central property of underflows that must be incorporated into models of density current behavior.

Key Words: density current • underflow • velocity pulsing • acoustic Doppler profilers

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