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Geology; July 2005; v. 33; no. 7; p. 597-600; DOI: 10.1130/G21375.1
© 2005 Geological Society of America
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Tracing fluid pathways in fossil hydrothermal systems with near-infrared spectroscopy

Frank J.A. van Ruitenbeek1, Thomas Cudahy2, Martin Hale3 and Freek D. van der Meer3

1 Department of Earth Systems Analysis, International Institute of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), PO Box 6, 7500 AA, Enschede, the Netherlands
2 Division of Exploration and Mining, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), PO Box 1130, Perth, WA 6151, Australia
3 Department of Earth Systems Analysis, International Institute of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), PO Box 6, 7500 AA, Enschede, the Netherlands

We present a new method to detect and reconstruct fluid pathways in fossil hydrothermal systems that is based on systematic study of white micas in hydrothermally altered rock, using near-infrared spectroscopy. This method, developed in an Early Archean volcanic sequence in the Panorama district in Western Australia, uses new near-infrared spectroscopic data and published geological and geochemical data of fossil submarine hydrothermal systems in the area. Analysis of new near-infrared spectroscopic data revealed that the abundance of white mica and its Al content in altered volcanic rock vary systematically along fossil fluid pathways, from zones of low-temperature recharge to zones of high-temperature discharge, as a function of hydrothermal fluid chemistry, temperature of alteration, coexisting minerals, and composition of volcanic host rock. The abundance of white mica relative to that of chlorite and the Al content of white micas can be used to discriminate among the hydrothermal alteration facies along these fluid pathways, which permits detection and reconstruction of fossil fluid pathways.

Key Words: white mica • hydrothermal systems • near-infrared spectra • hydrothermal fluids




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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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