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Geology; January 2006; v. 34; no. 1; p. 9-12; DOI: 10.1130/G21952.1
© 2006 Geological Society of America
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Collapse of large complex impact craters: Implications from the Araguainha impact structure, central Brazil

Cristiano Lana*,1, Rafael Romano2, Uwe Reimold3 and Joao Hippertt4

1 Impact and Astromaterials Research Centre, Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BP, UK
2 Departamento de Geologia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35-400-000 Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
3 Impact Cratering Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
4 Departamento de Geologia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35-400-000 Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The 40-km-wide Araguainha impact structure in central Brazil provides extensive outcrops to study the structural evolution of all parts of a complex crater, including the central uplift, annular trough, and crater rim. While most craters of comparable size are buried by impact-related or postimpact sedimentary deposits, Araguainha is deeply eroded and it exposes in detail outcrop-scale structural features that can be used to understand the structural evolution of large impact craters. This study explores evidence from structural features across the entire impact structure in order to provide constraints on the target rock movement during the crater collapse. Most of the structural features described here are consistent with folding and bedding-parallel shearing during several kilometers of lateral inward movement of the target rocks. Vertical movement was, in contrast, restricted to distances of less than a few hundred meters along radial and concentric fault zones around the crater rim.

Key Words: impact structure • complex crater • Araguainha • transient cavity • crater collapse • central uplift




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