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Slip on an active wedge thrust from geodetic observations of the 8 October 2005 Kashmir earthquake

¹ University of Montana, Department of Geosciences, Missoula, Montana 59812-1296, USA
² University of Colorado, Department of Geological Sciences, 399 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0399, USA
³ University of Peshawar, National Centre of Excellence in Geology, Peshawar, NWFP 20005, Pakistan

By combining global positioning system observations of surface displacements and the locations of aftershocks, we infer that the 8 October 2005 Kashmir earthquake occurred on multiple fault planes. Mean slip of 5.1 m occurred on a rupture between Bagh and Balakot with strike 331° and dip 29°. Additional slip occurred at depth on a NNE-dipping fault plane extending WNW from Balakot, and on an intersecting nearly fiat dislocation at 5 km depth, forming an active wedge thrust. Both the simple fault plane and the blind wedge accommodate convergence between Peshawar and Leh, Ladakh, accumulating at 7 ± 2 mm/yr, suggesting a 680 ± 150 yr recurrence interval for Kashmir 2005-like events.

Key Words: Kashmir earthquake • wedge thrust • Himalayan tectonics

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