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1 Department of Geology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97207, USA
2 National Science Foundation, Division of Earth Sciences, Arlington, Virginia 22230, USA
3 Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
It has been proposed that high-Mg andesites (HMAs) from the Mount Shasta area may represent near-primary mantle melts, carrying signatures of slab melt interaction with the Cascadia mantle wedge. We present strong evidence that their formation involved mixing of dacitic and basaltic magmas and entrainment of ultramafic crystal material, and thus they cannot represent primitive magmas. The rocks contain (1) low-Mg# (65–72) clinopyroxene (cpx) and orthopyroxene (opx) phenocryst cores containing dacitic melt inclusions, and (2) high-Mg# opx and olivine xenocrysts, all of which are rimmed by euhedral overgrowths of cpx or opx similar in Mg# (87) to skeletal olivine phenocrysts. Textural relations indicate that ultramafic xenocrysts reacted with dacitic liquid, after which the contaminated magma mixed with basaltic liquid to produce a hybrid HMA bulk composition. High Mg, Cr, and Ni derive from the latter inputs, whereas high Sr/Y and overall adakite affinity is inherited from the dacite end member, which is arguably crustal in origin. We suggest that open system processes may be more important in the petrogenesis of HMAs than generally recognized, and that their magnesian compositions do not necessarily imply that they are primitive mantle melts.
Key Words: high-magnesian andesite • primitive magnesian andesite • Mount Shasta • mixing • adakite • arc volcanism
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