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Miocene to present kinematics of fault-bend folding across the Huerguosi anticline, northern Tianshan (China), derived from structural, seismic, and magnetostratigraphic data

^{1 1}Tectonics Observatory, California Institute of Technology, Mail Code 100-23, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
^{2 2}Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, Bâtiment Géosciences, rue de Saint Amand, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
^{3 3}Géosciences Montpellier UMR 5243 CNRS-UMII, cc.60, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex, France
^{4 4}Ludwig Maximilians University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Theresienstrasse 41, 80333 Munich, Germany

Correspondence: *E-mail: jcharrea{at}gps.caltech.edu

We combine surface structural measurements, subsurface seismic imaging, and magneto-stratigraphic dating to retrieve, through geometric modeling, the detailed history of fold growth and sedimentation across the Huerguosi anticline, on the northern Tianshan piedmont, taking advantage of a beautifully exposed section of growth strata. The model assumes a fault-bend folding mechanism, consistent with subsurface fold geometry. The shortening history is obtained by least-squares fitting of the measured dip angles of the growth strata. The shortening rate across the anticline is shown to have been remarkably constant: it increased only slightly from 0.84 ± 0.04 mm/yr between 10 and 4 Ma to 1.14 ± 0.02 mm/yr over the past 4 m.y. This approach also allows correcting syntectonic sedimentation rates for the effect of the fold growth and shows that the sedimentation rates in the piggyback basin increased abruptly from ~0.4 to ~0.7 mm/yr ca. 4 Ma.